Missouri
MO · state · 16 cited facts
| Category | Provision | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| trust-nexus | Incomplete-gift nongrantor trust / ING (income tax reach) | REACHED: the two-prong test would free a trust with NO Missouri income beneficiary, but the ING grantor is a permissible discretionary income beneficiary resident in Missouri, satisfying both prongs; the trap runs both ways | sources (1)RSMo 143.331(3) (resident trust: settlor domicile + resident income beneficiary) · high confidence · as of 2026-07-13 · TY 2026 Missouri taxes a trust created by a Missouri domiciliary that has a Missouri income beneficiary; the self-settled ING supplies both A trust that: (a) Was created by, or consisting of property of, a person domiciled in this state on the date the trust or portion of the trust became irrevocable; and (b) Has at least one income beneficiary who, on the last day of the taxable year, was a resident of this state. Note: The argument that a purely discretionary distributee who received nothing is not an 'income beneficiary' is colorable but has no Missouri authority; resident settlor + resident beneficiary + retained powers exceed the contacts Kaestner and Swift v. Director (Mo. banc 1987) tolerated striking. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.331 |
| estate-none | Estate and inheritance tax | None | sources (1)RSMo 145.011 · medium confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025 Missouri estate tax equals the federal IRC 2011 state death tax credit (pickup only) The Missouri estate tax shall be the maximum credit for state death taxes allowed by Internal Revenue Code Section 2011 but not less than the maximum credit for state death taxes allowable to the estate of a decedent against the federal estate tax by Section 2011 or any other provision of the laws of the United States. Note: Exact wording checked against raw HTML. Quote proves pickup structure; zero-tax conclusion requires the federal credit repeal. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=145.011 |
| rate | Top income tax rate (TY2025) | 4.7% top rate over $9,191 of taxable income (RSMo §143.011 trigger reductions from the 4.95% base); applies to ordinary income only, LT gains 100% subtracted (HB 594) | sources (2)RSMo §143.011.2-.3 (4.95% base with revenue-trigger reductions); Missouri DOR, 2025 Individual Income Tax Year Changes · medium confidence · as of 2026-07-12 · TY 2025 Missouri TY2025 top individual income tax rate is 4.70% on taxable income over $9,191 Over $7,878 but not over $9,191 $197 plus 4.50% of excess over $7,878 Over $9,191 $256 plus 4.70% of excess over $9,191 Note: Top two rows of the DOR 2025 rate table, whitespace normalized. RSMo 143.011.2 sets the 4.95% statutory top rate (2023) and 143.011.3 authorizes 0.1-point revenue-trigger reductions; the triggered cuts land TY2025 at 4.70%. The graduated sub-brackets top out at $9,191, so the flat-state model uses the 4.7% top rate. Medium: the 4.70% figure is DOR guidance (the statute states the mechanism, not the triggered number). https://dor.mo.gov/taxation/individual/tax-types/income/year-changes/RSMo §143.011 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025 Missouri income tax is one graduated schedule applied identically to every filing status (no separate MFJ brackets; top rate 4.7% for TY2025) A tax is hereby imposed for every taxable year on the Missouri taxable income of every resident. Note: RSMo §143.011 imposes one graduated bracket schedule on 'every resident' without distinction by filing status (statutory table plus the SB 3 (2022) triggered reductions; top rate 4.7% for TY2025). Missouri is graduated, not flat, and the identical schedule carries no practical marriage penalty: on a combined MFJ return each spouse's tax is computed separately on that spouse's own Missouri taxable income and summed (RSMo §143.031). Capital gains are effectively zero-taxed under HB 594 (RSMo §143.431) effective TY2025. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.011 |
| character | Capital gains subtraction (HB 594) | 100% of long-term capital gains subtracted from Missouri taxable income (TY2025+, HB 594); effective LT rate 0% | sources (1)RSMo §143.121.3(14)(a) (HB 594, 2025) · high confidence · as of 2026-07-20 · TY 2025 Missouri allows a 100% subtraction of net capital gains from income, effective TY2025 For all tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, one hundred percent of all income reported as a capital gain for federal income tax purposes by an individual subject to tax pursuant to section 143.011 Note: Verified TY2025 effective date: the enacted statute, MO-A line 18 instructions for 2025, and DOR legislative-changes page all confirm TY2025. A DOR FAQ that appeared to say TY2026 conflates HB 754 (specie subtraction, effective TY2026). Losses still reduce MO FAGI and generate up to 4.7% state tax benefit a sign-asymmetric no-gains regime. Trusts are excluded from this subtraction. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.121 |
| muni-instate | In-state muni bond interest | Exempt: RSMo §143.121(2)(2): MO bond interest excluded from the add-back to MO income | sources (1)RSMo §143.121(2)(2) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-22 · TY 2025 MO exempts MO-issued bonds; out-of-state muni bond interest is an addition per RSMo §143.121(2)(2) Interest on certain governmental obligations excluded from federal gross income by 26 U.S.C. Section 103...The previous sentence shall not apply to interest on obligations of the state of Missouri or any of its political subdivisions or authorities. Note: RSMo §143.121(2)(2) requires addition of IRC §103 interest from states other than Missouri but excludes MO bonds from the addition requirement. Verbatim text extracted from revisor.mo.gov. Out-of-state muni bonds taxable; MO bonds exempt by explicit carve-out. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.121 |
| muni-outstate | Out-of-state muni bond interest | Taxable: RSMo §143.121(2)(2) requires addition of out-of-state muni interest (IRC §103 excluded) to MO income | sources (1)RSMo §143.121(2)(2) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-22 · TY 2025 MO exempts MO-issued bonds; out-of-state muni bond interest is an addition per RSMo §143.121(2)(2) Interest on certain governmental obligations excluded from federal gross income by 26 U.S.C. Section 103...The previous sentence shall not apply to interest on obligations of the state of Missouri or any of its political subdivisions or authorities. Note: RSMo §143.121(2)(2) requires addition of IRC §103 interest from states other than Missouri but excludes MO bonds from the addition requirement. Verbatim text extracted from revisor.mo.gov. Out-of-state muni bonds taxable; MO bonds exempt by explicit carve-out. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.121 |
| qoz-conformity | QOZ conformity (IRC §1400Z-2) | Conforms to IRC §1400Z-2 QOZ gain deferral and 10-year exclusion via rolling IRC conformity | sources (1)Mo. Rev. Stat. §143.121(3)(14); §143.431 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025 Missouri conforms to IRC §1400Z-2 QOZ gain deferral and exclusion 1. The Missouri adjusted gross income of a resident individual shall be the taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income subject to the modifications in this section. Note: Conformity by silence: RSMo §143.121 starts from federal adjusted gross income and lists no §1400Z-2 addback, so the federal QOZ deferral and exclusion flow into the Missouri base. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.121 |
| qsbs-conformity | QSBS conformity (IRC §1202) | Conforms to IRC §1202 QSBS gain exclusion via rolling IRC conformity; no addback | sources (1)Mo. Rev. Stat. §143.121(3)(14) · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025 Missouri conforms to IRC §1202 QSBS gain exclusion 1. The Missouri adjusted gross income of a resident individual shall be the taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income subject to the modifications in this section. Note: Conformity by silence: RSMo §143.121 starts from federal adjusted gross income and lists no §1202 addback, so federally excluded QSBS gain never enters the Missouri base. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.121 |
| agency-obligations | GSE bond interest (FNMA/FHLMC) | Taxable: FNMA/FHLMC bond interest is ordinary income, not a 'net capital gain' under RSMo §143.431; the HB 594 (2025) 100% capital gains subtraction does not apply; taxed at ordinary rates up to 4.7% | sources (1)RSMo §143.121.3(14) (HB 594, 2025) · high confidence · as of 2026-07-03 · TY 2025 Missouri taxes FNMA and FHLMC bond interest as ordinary income: the 100% capital gains subtraction (HB 594) applies only to 'net capital gains,' not interest income For all tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, one hundred percent of all income reported as a capital gain for federal income tax purposes by an individual subject to tax pursuant to section 143.011; Note: The HB 594 subtraction in RSMo §143.121.3(14) covers only income reported as a capital gain for federal purposes. FNMA and FHLMC interest is ordinary income, not a capital gain, so it is not subtracted and stays in the Missouri base. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.121 |
| dividend-qualified | Qualified dividend income | Ordinary rate: Qualified dividends are not 'net capital gains' under RSMo §143.431 (HB 594 subtraction limited to IRC §1222(11) gains from sale or exchange); taxed at ordinary Missouri rates up to 4.7% | sources (1)RSMo §143.121.3(14)(a) (HB 594, 2025) · high confidence · as of 2026-07-20 · TY 2025 Missouri allows a 100% subtraction of net capital gains from income, effective TY2025 For all tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, one hundred percent of all income reported as a capital gain for federal income tax purposes by an individual subject to tax pursuant to section 143.011 Note: Verified TY2025 effective date: the enacted statute, MO-A line 18 instructions for 2025, and DOR legislative-changes page all confirm TY2025. A DOR FAQ that appeared to say TY2026 conflates HB 754 (specie subtraction, effective TY2026). Losses still reduce MO FAGI and generate up to 4.7% state tax benefit a sign-asymmetric no-gains regime. Trusts are excluded from this subtraction. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.121 |
| treasury | U.S. Treasury interest | Exempt: 31 U.S.C. §3124(a) prohibits state taxation of U.S. government obligations (T-bills, T-notes, T-bonds, TIPS, I-bonds) | sources (1)31 U.S.C. §3124(a) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-20 · TY 2025 U.S. Treasury interest exempt from Missouri income tax: 31 U.S.C. §3124(a) prohibits state taxation of U.S. government obligations Stocks and obligations of the United States Government are exempt from taxation by a State or political subdivision of a State. The exemption applies to each form of taxation that would require the obligation, the interest on the obligation, or both, to be considered in computing a tax. Note: 31 U.S.C. §3124(a) preempts state income taxation of U.S. government obligations. Covers T-bills, T-notes, T-bonds, TIPS, and I-bonds. Most states allow a deduction or subtraction by statute cross-referencing this federal preemption. https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section3124 |
| fhlb-ffcb | FHLB and FFCB bond interest | Exempt: 12 U.S.C. §1433 (Federal Home Loan Bank Act) and 12 U.S.C. §2023 (Farm Credit Act) mandate state tax exemption for FHLB and FFCB securities | sources (2)12 U.S.C. §1433 (Federal Home Loan Bank Act) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-20 · TY 2025 FHLB and FFCB bond interest exempt from Missouri income tax: federal enabling statutes mandate state tax exemption Any security issued under this chapter by a Federal home loan bank, including the stock thereof, shall be exempt from taxation, except taxes upon real estate, by any State, county, municipality, or local taxing authority. Note: 12 U.S.C. §1433 (FHLB) and 12 U.S.C. §2023 (FFCB/Farm Credit Act) both mandate state tax exemption for securities issued under their chapters. Contrasts with FNMA (12 U.S.C. §§1719(e), 1723a(c)) and FHLMC (12 U.S.C. §1455(a)) which have no bondholder exemption statute and whose interest is taxable by income-tax states. https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1433&num=0&edition=prelim12 U.S.C. §2023 (Farm Credit Act) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-20 · TY 2025 Farm Credit Act: notes, bonds, debentures, and other obligations of Farm Credit Banks are instrumentalities of the United States exempt from all State, municipal, and local taxation The mortgages held by the Farm Credit Banks and the notes, bonds, debentures, and other obligations issued by the banks shall be considered and held to be instrumentalities of the United States and, as such, they and the income therefrom shall be exempt from all Federal, State, municipal, and local taxation, other than Federal income tax liability of the holder thereof under the Public Debt Act of 1941 (31 U.S.C. 3124). Note: 12 U.S.C. §2023 explicitly covers 'the income therefrom' (i.e., interest payments to bondholders), exempting it from all State and local taxation. The only carve-out is federal income tax on the holder. Parallel to 12 U.S.C. §1433 (FHLB Act), which exempts FHLB securities from state taxation. Together §1433 and §2023 mandate state and local tax exemption for both FHLB and FFCB bond interest. Shared across all jurisdictions: a single object reference satisfies buildCitationIndex() identity check. https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section2023&num=0&edition=prelim |
| filing-status-identical | One schedule for every filing status | Yes: RSMo §143.011 applies one graduated schedule (top 4.7% TY2025) to every filing status; on a combined return each spouse computes tax separately on own income and the taxes are summed (RSMo §143.031), so the identical schedule is effectively marriage neutral | sources (2)RSMo §143.011 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025 Missouri income tax is one graduated schedule applied identically to every filing status (no separate MFJ brackets; top rate 4.7% for TY2025) A tax is hereby imposed for every taxable year on the Missouri taxable income of every resident. Note: RSMo §143.011 imposes one graduated bracket schedule on 'every resident' without distinction by filing status (statutory table plus the SB 3 (2022) triggered reductions; top rate 4.7% for TY2025). Missouri is graduated, not flat, and the identical schedule carries no practical marriage penalty: on a combined MFJ return each spouse's tax is computed separately on that spouse's own Missouri taxable income and summed (RSMo §143.031). Capital gains are effectively zero-taxed under HB 594 (RSMo §143.431) effective TY2025. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.011RSMo §143.031 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025 Missouri combined return: each spouse's tax is computed separately on that spouse's own Missouri taxable income, then summed (income splitting; effectively marriage neutral) The tax of each spouse shall be determined by the application of either section 143.021 or section 143.041 depending upon whether such spouse is a resident or nonresident. Their Missouri combined tax shall be the sum of the tax applicable to each spouse. Note: Verified verbatim against revisor.mo.gov on 2026-07-02. Because each spouse runs the identical schedule on own income, a Missouri MFJ couple pays the same as two singles with the same earnings: identical schedule with per-spouse computation, not a penalty-maximizing joint stack. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.031 |
| conformity | Loss carryforward | Conforms to IRC §1212: RSMo §143.121 starts from federal AGI, so the indefinite federal carryforward applies; a carried-forward loss keeps reducing Missouri income even though HB 594 exempts the gains | sources (2)IRC §1212(b) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-21 · TY 2025 IRC §1212(b): capital losses carry forward only for non-corporate taxpayers; no carryback In the case of a taxpayer other than a corporation, if there is a net capital loss for any taxable year: (1) the excess of the net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital gain for such year shall be a short-term capital loss in the succeeding taxable year, and (2) the excess of the net long-term capital loss over the net short-term capital gain for such year shall be a long-term capital loss in the succeeding taxable year. Note: IRC §1212(b) limits non-corporate taxpayers to carrying losses forward only ('succeeding taxable year'). IRC §1212(a), which allows a 3-year carryback, applies only to corporations. For conformity states, the federal carryforward amount flows to the state return unchanged. https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section1212&num=0&edition=prelimRSMo §143.121.3(14)(a) (HB 594, 2025) · high confidence · as of 2026-07-20 · TY 2025 Missouri allows a 100% subtraction of net capital gains from income, effective TY2025 For all tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, one hundred percent of all income reported as a capital gain for federal income tax purposes by an individual subject to tax pursuant to section 143.011 Note: Verified TY2025 effective date: the enacted statute, MO-A line 18 instructions for 2025, and DOR legislative-changes page all confirm TY2025. A DOR FAQ that appeared to say TY2026 conflates HB 754 (specie subtraction, effective TY2026). Losses still reduce MO FAGI and generate up to 4.7% state tax benefit a sign-asymmetric no-gains regime. Trusts are excluded from this subtraction. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.121 |
| carryback | Capital loss carryback | None: IRC §1212(b) provides carryforward only for non-corporate taxpayers; no carryback to prior years | sources (1)IRC §1212(b) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-21 · TY 2025 IRC §1212(b): capital losses carry forward only for non-corporate taxpayers; no carryback In the case of a taxpayer other than a corporation, if there is a net capital loss for any taxable year: (1) the excess of the net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital gain for such year shall be a short-term capital loss in the succeeding taxable year, and (2) the excess of the net long-term capital loss over the net short-term capital gain for such year shall be a long-term capital loss in the succeeding taxable year. Note: IRC §1212(b) limits non-corporate taxpayers to carrying losses forward only ('succeeding taxable year'). IRC §1212(a), which allows a 3-year carryback, applies only to corporations. For conformity states, the federal carryforward amount flows to the state return unchanged. https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section1212&num=0&edition=prelim |
| migration-loss-conformity | Migration loss carryforward conformity | Full conform (structural inference): Missouri computes its income tax from the federal base, so an imported federal section 1212 capital-loss carryforward flows through to offset post-residency gains; no published guidance addresses the imported pre-residency carryforward. | sources (1)RSMo §143.011 · medium confidence · as of 2026-07-03 · TY 2025 Missouri conforms to the federal capital-loss base; treatment of an imported pre-residency section 1212 carryforward is a structural inference A tax is hereby imposed for every taxable year on the Missouri taxable income of every resident. Note: RSMo §143.011 imposes the tax on Missouri taxable income, which starts from federal adjusted gross income, so the federal section 1212 capital-loss base carries through. No published guidance addresses the imported pre-residency carryforward; that piece stays a structural inference. https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=143.011 |