Albatross · Data Catalog

District of Columbia

DC · state · 20 cited facts

CategoryProvisionValueSource
trust-nexusIncomplete-gift nongrantor trust / ING (income tax reach)REACHED: residency fixes at creation and out-of-state administration does not remove it; Chase Manhattan (1997) upheld taxing a no-contact trust's undistributed income (testamentary facts; an inter vivos as-applied challenge is arguable but unconceded)
sources (1)
D.C. Code 47-1809.01; 47-1809.03; District of Columbia v. Chase Manhattan Bank, 689 A.2d 539 (D.C. 1997) · high confidence · as of 2026-07-13 · TY 2026
The District taxes a trust whose creator was DC-domiciled at creation, upheld against a due-process attack
If the creator of a trust was at the time the trust was created domiciled within the District, or if the trust consists of property of a person domiciled within the District, the trust is a resident trust.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1809.01
marital-udcprdaAdopted Uniform Community Property Disposition at Death ActYes: D.C. Law 25-270 (effective March 7, 2025), D.C. Code §§ 19-2301 to 19-2314; preserves community property character of assets from CP-jurisdiction marriages
sources (1)
D.C. Law 25-270 (Uniform Community Property Disposition at Death Act of 2024); D.C. Code §§ 19-2301 to 19-2314 · medium confidence · as of 2026-07-03 · TY 2025
The District of Columbia enacted the Uniform Community Property Disposition at Death Act (effective March 7, 2025)
Uniform Community Property Disposition at Death Act of 2024
Note: D.C. Law 25-270, effective March 7, 2025, codified at D.C. Code 19-2301 to 19-2314. Preserves the community-property character of assets a married couple brings from a community property jurisdiction. DC's first marital fact; DC is otherwise a common-law property jurisdiction.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/laws/25-270
rateTop income tax rate (TY2025)4% to 10.75% graduated; 10.75% above $1,000,000 (same schedule all filing statuses)
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1806.03 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025
DC income tax: up to 10.75% on income above $1,000,000 (same schedule for all filing statuses)
(11) In the case of taxable years beginning after December 31, 2021, there is imposed on the taxable income of every resident a tax determined in accordance with the following table: Not over $10,000 4% of the taxable income ... Over $1,000,000 $91,525, plus 10.75% of the excess over $1,000,000
Note: DC Code §47-1806.03(a)(11) imposes tax at seven brackets from 4% (not over $10,000) to 10.75% (over $1,000,000). DC Code §47-1806.03 provides one schedule for all statuses, creating the maximum marriage penalty on a joint return vs. two singles. The $1,000,000 threshold is per return (same for single and MFJ). The D-40 Calculation J (married filing separately on same return) splits income and largely neutralizes the bracket penalty. The $30,000 MFJ standard deduction (TY2025) is a separately verified figure; this citation covers the rate schedule only, not the deduction amount.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1806.03
deductionStandard deduction (MFJ, TY2025)See source for current amount
sources (1)
D.C. Act 26-214 (D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Emergency Amendment Act of 2025); amending DC Code §47-1801.04(3A) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-22 · TY 2025
DC standard deduction MFJ
In the case of a return filed by married individuals filing a joint return, separate on a combined return, or a surviving spouse, $30,000; and [for] [t]axable years beginning after December 31, 2025: In the case of a return filed by married individuals filing a joint return, separate on a combined return, or a surviving spouse, $30,000 increased annually pursuant to the cost-of-living adjustment
Note: D.C. Act 26-214 (effective 2025; emergency amendment) establishes the standard deduction via new §47-1801.04(3A) (definitions section) at $30,000 for MFJ TY2025, adjusted annually for cost-of-living after 2025. The prior statutory reference to §47-1806.02 was repealed and replaced by this amendment to the definitions section.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/acts/26-214
conformityLoss carryforwardConforms to IRC §1212 indefinite federal carryforward applies
sources (1)
IRC §1212(b) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-21 · TY 2025
IRC §1212(b): capital losses carry forward only for non-corporate taxpayers; no carryback
In the case of a taxpayer other than a corporation, if there is a net capital loss for any taxable year: (1) the excess of the net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital gain for such year shall be a short-term capital loss in the succeeding taxable year, and (2) the excess of the net long-term capital loss over the net short-term capital gain for such year shall be a long-term capital loss in the succeeding taxable year.
Note: IRC §1212(b) limits non-corporate taxpayers to carrying losses forward only ('succeeding taxable year'). IRC §1212(a), which allows a 3-year carryback, applies only to corporations. For conformity states, the federal carryforward amount flows to the state return unchanged.
https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section1212&num=0&edition=prelim
muni-instateIn-state muni bond interest (DC-issued)Exempt: DC, DC Water, WMATA, and DC Housing Finance Agency bonds excluded from DC gross income (DC Code §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(ii)(I))
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(ii)(I) and (II) (effective for tax years after 12/31/2024) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-18 · TY 2025
DC exempts DC-issued bonds; out-of-state muni interest is taxable effective TY2025
For tax years beginning after December 31, 2024: Shall not include interest on the obligations of the District of Columbia or bonds issued by DC Water, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, and the District of Columbia Housing Finance Agency.
Note: Law change effective TY2025. Pre-2025: DC exempted all muni interest (both DC and out-of-state) under §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(i). Effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2024, only DC, DC Water, WMATA, and DC Housing Finance Agency bonds remain exempt; all other state and local muni interest is now included in DC gross income and taxable. DC now follows the standard instate-exempt/outstate-taxable rule. §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(ii)(II) provides: "Shall include interest upon the obligations of a state or any political subdivision thereof, but not including obligations of the District of Columbia or bonds issued by DC Water, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, and the District of Columbia Housing Finance Agency."
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1803.02
muni-outstateOut-of-state muni bond interestTaxable: effective TY2025, DC Code §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(ii)(II) requires inclusion of other states' muni interest in DC gross income
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(ii)(I) and (II) (effective for tax years after 12/31/2024) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-18 · TY 2025
DC exempts DC-issued bonds; out-of-state muni interest is taxable effective TY2025
For tax years beginning after December 31, 2024: Shall not include interest on the obligations of the District of Columbia or bonds issued by DC Water, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, and the District of Columbia Housing Finance Agency.
Note: Law change effective TY2025. Pre-2025: DC exempted all muni interest (both DC and out-of-state) under §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(i). Effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2024, only DC, DC Water, WMATA, and DC Housing Finance Agency bonds remain exempt; all other state and local muni interest is now included in DC gross income and taxable. DC now follows the standard instate-exempt/outstate-taxable rule. §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(ii)(II) provides: "Shall include interest upon the obligations of a state or any political subdivision thereof, but not including obligations of the District of Columbia or bonds issued by DC Water, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, and the District of Columbia Housing Finance Agency."
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1803.02
qoz-conformityQOZ conformity (IRC §1400Z-2)Partial conformity: DC recognizes IRC §1400Z-2 QOZ gain deferral and exclusion only for Mayoral-certified DC opportunity zones; federal QOF investments in non-DC or non-certified zones receive no DC QOZ benefit
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1803.03(a)(20); §47-1803.04(e)(2) · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025
District of Columbia partially conforms to IRC §1400Z-2 QOZ gain deferral and exclusion
(20) Qualified Opportunity Fund Capital Gains. ; (A) Deferral of a capital gains tax payment for investing in a qualified opportunity fund ("QOF") shall be realized only if the taxpayer invests in a QOF that meets the criteria set forth in subparagraph (D) of this paragraph.
Note: Quote is DC Code §47-1803.03(a)(20). Companion §47-1803.02(b-5): 'The capital gains deduction for investing in a qualified opportunity fund shall apply to an individual, estate, or trust in the same manner as set forth in § 47-1803.03(a)(20).' DC QOZ conformity requires the QOF to meet DC-specific criteria (subparagraph (D), Mayoral-certified DC zones); federal QOF investments in non-DC or non-certified zones do not receive DC treatment.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1803.03
qsbs-conformityQSBS conformity (IRC §1202)Non-conforms: DC Law 26-89 (effective TY2025) added an explicit addback for IRC §1202 QSBS exclusions; federally excluded QSBS gain is included in DC taxable income. WATCH: Congress's H.J.Res. 142 (119th Congress, signed this February) purports to nullify DC Law 26-89 and DC disputes the timing; re-verify before relying on the addback
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1803.02(a)(1C); DC Law 26-89 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025
DC non-conforms to IRC §1202 QSBS exclusion: DC Law 26-89 adds back federally excluded QSBS gain effective TY2025
(1C) For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024, individuals, estates and trusts shall include any income or gain excluded from their federal gross income pursuant to § 1202(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for that taxable year.
Note: DC Law 26-89 added §47-1803.02(a)(1C) making §1202-excluded gain an addition to DC gross income for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024 (i.e. TY2025 onward, per the codified text).
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1803.02
agency-obligationsFNMA/FHLMC bond interestTaxable: DC Code §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(i) excludes only items excluded from federal gross income; FNMA/FHLMC interest is in federal gross income and no DC subtraction covers non-federally-preempted GSE interest
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1803.02(a)(1)(B)(i) · medium confidence · as of 2026-06-20 · TY 2025
District of Columbia taxes FNMA and FHLMC bond interest: DC gross income includes all items in federal gross income; FNMA/FHLMC interest is in federal gross income and no DC subtraction exists for non-federally-preempted GSE interest
Items of income excluded from gross income by provisions of the Internal Revenue Code shall also be excluded from gross income for District tax purposes.
Note: DC gross income includes federal gross income items; FNMA/FHLMC interest is in federal gross income (not IRC-excluded). The DC subtraction for federally-excluded items does not help because FNMA/FHLMC interest is NOT federally excluded. 31 U.S.C. §3124 preempts DC taxation only of direct US government obligations; FNMA (12 U.S.C. §§1719(e), 1723a(c)) and FHLMC (12 U.S.C. §1455(a)) have no bondholder exemption statute. Confidence: medium.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1803.02
dividend-qualifiedQualified dividend rate (IRC §1(h)(11))Ordinary rate: District of Columbia has no IRC §1(h)(11) preferential rate; qualified dividends taxed at ordinary rates up to 10.75%
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1806.03 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025
DC income tax: up to 10.75% on income above $1,000,000 (same schedule for all filing statuses)
(11) In the case of taxable years beginning after December 31, 2021, there is imposed on the taxable income of every resident a tax determined in accordance with the following table: Not over $10,000 4% of the taxable income ... Over $1,000,000 $91,525, plus 10.75% of the excess over $1,000,000
Note: DC Code §47-1806.03(a)(11) imposes tax at seven brackets from 4% (not over $10,000) to 10.75% (over $1,000,000). DC Code §47-1806.03 provides one schedule for all statuses, creating the maximum marriage penalty on a joint return vs. two singles. The $1,000,000 threshold is per return (same for single and MFJ). The D-40 Calculation J (married filing separately on same return) splits income and largely neutralizes the bracket penalty. The $30,000 MFJ standard deduction (TY2025) is a separately verified figure; this citation covers the rate schedule only, not the deduction amount.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1806.03
treasuryU.S. Treasury interestExempt: 31 U.S.C. §3124(a) prohibits state taxation of U.S. government obligations (T-bills, T-notes, T-bonds, TIPS, I-bonds)
sources (1)
31 U.S.C. §3124(a) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-20 · TY 2025
U.S. Treasury interest exempt from District of Columbia income tax: 31 U.S.C. §3124(a) prohibits state taxation of U.S. government obligations
Stocks and obligations of the United States Government are exempt from taxation by a State or political subdivision of a State. The exemption applies to each form of taxation that would require the obligation, the interest on the obligation, or both, to be considered in computing a tax.
Note: 31 U.S.C. §3124(a) preempts state income taxation of U.S. government obligations. Covers T-bills, T-notes, T-bonds, TIPS, and I-bonds. Most states allow a deduction or subtraction by statute cross-referencing this federal preemption.
https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section3124
fhlb-ffcbFHLB and FFCB bond interestExempt: 12 U.S.C. §1433 (Federal Home Loan Bank Act) and 12 U.S.C. §2023 (Farm Credit Act) mandate state tax exemption for FHLB and FFCB securities
sources (2)
12 U.S.C. §1433 (Federal Home Loan Bank Act) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-20 · TY 2025
FHLB and FFCB bond interest exempt from the District of Columbia income tax: federal enabling statutes mandate state tax exemption
Any security issued under this chapter by a Federal home loan bank, including the stock thereof, shall be exempt from taxation, except taxes upon real estate, by any State, county, municipality, or local taxing authority.
Note: 12 U.S.C. §1433 (FHLB) and 12 U.S.C. §2023 (FFCB/Farm Credit Act) both mandate state tax exemption for securities issued under their chapters. Contrasts with FNMA (12 U.S.C. §§1719(e), 1723a(c)) and FHLMC (12 U.S.C. §1455(a)) which have no bondholder exemption statute and whose interest is taxable by income-tax states.
https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1433&num=0&edition=prelim
12 U.S.C. §2023 (Farm Credit Act) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-20 · TY 2025
Farm Credit Act: notes, bonds, debentures, and other obligations of Farm Credit Banks are instrumentalities of the United States exempt from all State, municipal, and local taxation
The mortgages held by the Farm Credit Banks and the notes, bonds, debentures, and other obligations issued by the banks shall be considered and held to be instrumentalities of the United States and, as such, they and the income therefrom shall be exempt from all Federal, State, municipal, and local taxation, other than Federal income tax liability of the holder thereof under the Public Debt Act of 1941 (31 U.S.C. 3124).
Note: 12 U.S.C. §2023 explicitly covers 'the income therefrom' (i.e., interest payments to bondholders), exempting it from all State and local taxation. The only carve-out is federal income tax on the holder. Parallel to 12 U.S.C. §1433 (FHLB Act), which exempts FHLB securities from state taxation. Together §1433 and §2023 mandate state and local tax exemption for both FHLB and FFCB bond interest. Shared across all jurisdictions: a single object reference satisfies buildCitationIndex() identity check.
https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section2023&num=0&edition=prelim
carrybackCapital loss carrybackNone: IRC §1212(b) provides carryforward only for non-corporate taxpayers; no carryback to prior years
sources (1)
IRC §1212(b) · high confidence · as of 2026-06-21 · TY 2025
IRC §1212(b): capital losses carry forward only for non-corporate taxpayers; no carryback
In the case of a taxpayer other than a corporation, if there is a net capital loss for any taxable year: (1) the excess of the net short-term capital loss over the net long-term capital gain for such year shall be a short-term capital loss in the succeeding taxable year, and (2) the excess of the net long-term capital loss over the net short-term capital gain for such year shall be a long-term capital loss in the succeeding taxable year.
Note: IRC §1212(b) limits non-corporate taxpayers to carrying losses forward only ('succeeding taxable year'). IRC §1212(a), which allows a 3-year carryback, applies only to corporations. For conformity states, the federal carryforward amount flows to the state return unchanged.
https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section1212&num=0&edition=prelim
characterLong-term capital gains treatmentOrdinary rate: no preferential long-term rate; capital gains taxed as ordinary income up to 10.75% (D.C. Code §47-1806.03)
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1806.03 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025
DC income tax: up to 10.75% on income above $1,000,000 (same schedule for all filing statuses)
(11) In the case of taxable years beginning after December 31, 2021, there is imposed on the taxable income of every resident a tax determined in accordance with the following table: Not over $10,000 4% of the taxable income ... Over $1,000,000 $91,525, plus 10.75% of the excess over $1,000,000
Note: DC Code §47-1806.03(a)(11) imposes tax at seven brackets from 4% (not over $10,000) to 10.75% (over $1,000,000). DC Code §47-1806.03 provides one schedule for all statuses, creating the maximum marriage penalty on a joint return vs. two singles. The $1,000,000 threshold is per return (same for single and MFJ). The D-40 Calculation J (married filing separately on same return) splits income and largely neutralizes the bracket penalty. The $30,000 MFJ standard deduction (TY2025) is a separately verified figure; this citation covers the rate schedule only, not the deduction amount.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1806.03
estate-rateEstate tax top marginal rate (TY2025)11.2% to 16% graduated; top 16% on DC taxable estate above approximately $10,000,000; $4,873,200 exclusion (D.C. Code § 47-3702)
sources (1)
DC Office of Tax and Revenue, Estate Tax page (otr.cfo.dc.gov) · medium confidence · as of 2026-06-21 · TY 2025
District of Columbia estate tax: graduated 11.2% to 16%; $4,873,200 exclusion for TY2025
For estates of decedents who die on or after January 1, 2025, and on or before December 31, 2025, the exclusion (zero bracket) amount is increased to $4,873,200.00.
Note: DC estate tax uses the federal state death tax credit bracket table. Top rate is 16% on DC taxable estate over approximately $10M. Exclusion is inflation-adjusted annually. Rate schedule in Form D-76 instructions.
https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/page/dc-estate-inheritance-and-fiduciary-tax-returns
estate-exemptionEstate tax exclusion (TY2025)$4,873,200 for TY2025; inflation-adjusted annually by D.C. Code § 47-3702
sources (1)
DC Office of Tax and Revenue, Estate Tax page (otr.cfo.dc.gov) · medium confidence · as of 2026-06-21 · TY 2025
District of Columbia estate tax: graduated 11.2% to 16%; $4,873,200 exclusion for TY2025
For estates of decedents who die on or after January 1, 2025, and on or before December 31, 2025, the exclusion (zero bracket) amount is increased to $4,873,200.00.
Note: DC estate tax uses the federal state death tax credit bracket table. Top rate is 16% on DC taxable estate over approximately $10M. Exclusion is inflation-adjusted annually. Rate schedule in Form D-76 instructions.
https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/page/dc-estate-inheritance-and-fiduciary-tax-returns
estate-exemptionEstate tax exclusion (TY2026)$4,988,400 for deaths in 2026 (zero bracket amount); inflation-adjusted annually per D.C. Code § 47-3702
sources (1)
DC Office of Tax and Revenue, Notice of October 1, 2025 Tax Changes · medium confidence · as of 2026-07-03 · TY 2026
District of Columbia estate tax zero bracket $4,988,400 for deaths in 2026
For estates of decedents who die on or after Jan. 1, 2026, and on or before Dec. 31, 2026, the exclusion (zero bracket) amount is increased to $4,988,400.
Note: Matches the TY2026 window already encoded in the estate rate schedule (dcSchedule(4_988_400)).
https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/release/notice-oct-1-2025-tax-changes
filing-status-identicalSame bracket schedule for all filing statusesYes: DC Code §47-1806.03 provides one rate schedule for all filing statuses; the $1,000,000 threshold is per return (same for Single and MFJ), creating the maximum marriage penalty on a joint return vs. two singles
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1806.03 · high confidence · as of 2026-07-02 · TY 2025
DC income tax: up to 10.75% on income above $1,000,000 (same schedule for all filing statuses)
(11) In the case of taxable years beginning after December 31, 2021, there is imposed on the taxable income of every resident a tax determined in accordance with the following table: Not over $10,000 4% of the taxable income ... Over $1,000,000 $91,525, plus 10.75% of the excess over $1,000,000
Note: DC Code §47-1806.03(a)(11) imposes tax at seven brackets from 4% (not over $10,000) to 10.75% (over $1,000,000). DC Code §47-1806.03 provides one schedule for all statuses, creating the maximum marriage penalty on a joint return vs. two singles. The $1,000,000 threshold is per return (same for single and MFJ). The D-40 Calculation J (married filing separately on same return) splits income and largely neutralizes the bracket penalty. The $30,000 MFJ standard deduction (TY2025) is a separately verified figure; this citation covers the rate schedule only, not the deduction amount.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1806.03
migration-loss-conformityMigration loss carryforward conformityFull conform (structural inference): the District of Columbia computes its income tax from the federal base, so an imported federal section 1212 capital-loss carryforward flows through to offset post-residency gains; no published guidance addresses the imported pre-residency carryforward.
sources (1)
DC Code §47-1806.03 · medium confidence · as of 2026-07-03 · TY 2025
the District of Columbia conforms to the federal capital-loss base; treatment of an imported pre-residency section 1212 carryforward is a structural inference
In the case of a taxable year beginning after December 31, 1986, there is imposed on the taxable income of every resident a tax determined in accordance with the following table:
Note: DC Code §47-1806.03 imposes the tax on the taxable income of every resident; DC taxable income derives from federal adjusted gross income (§47-1803.02), so the federal section 1212 capital-loss carryover flows through. Quote verbatim from the live DC Council code page. No published guidance addresses the imported pre-residency carryforward, so that application remains a structural inference.
https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/47-1806.03